Mediation Effect of Tqm Technical Factors In Excellence Management Sys

Questions: Examination each term utilizing the DWC Virtual Library and sources from the suggested readings. Clarify how each term is utilized by administrative bookkeepers in the business condition. Give a model in your own words for every definition. Answers: Definitions and Examples: 1) Activity-Based Costing Movement Based Costing is considered as the technique of costing, which helps in perceiving the exercises of the association and distributed explicit expense for every one of the exercises. Model: Figure 1: Example of Activity-based Costing (Source: Zhang, Hoque Isa, 2015) 2) Balanced Scorecard The equalization score card is related with the administration and key arranging framework, which is broadly utilized in the business or business government, particularly, in the non-benefit association. Model: A portion of the components are related in introducing the instances of Balance Scorecard. These elements are Finance, learning and development, inward business procedure, and client. 3) Certified Management Accountant Confirmed Management Accountant is an assignment given to a particular individual who exhibits the osmoses of blended aptitude and monetary bookkeeping to increase the value of the key administration process. Model: The guaranteed bookkeeper who helps in the dynamic procedure with respect to the money related parts of the association. 4) Continuous Improvement The consistent improvement is considered as a continuous procedure for improving the procedure, items, or administrations of an association. Model The constant improvement can be two sorts, for example, gradual improvement and advancement improvement. 5) Cost-Benefit Analysis The money saving advantage examination is a procedure attempted for breaking down the business choices. Model The money saving advantage investigation procedure can be related in time of undertaking the pertinent cost related activities to increase the value of the business benefit. 6) Cost Drivers Cost drivers is considered as a factor that contributes the costs of business activities. Model: Figure 2: Examples of Cost Drivers and Variability (Source: Rothaermel, 2015) 7) Cost of Goods Manufactured The term alludes to the costs that are should have been contributed while assembling of the merchandise or administrations. Model The costs associated with the assembling procedure are determining the expenses of work, crude materials, conveyance charges, bundling, and apparatus costs. 8) Cost of Goods Sold Machine gear-pieces is encouraging the immediate selling of the products by an association. Model Figure 3: Example of COGS (Source: Fan Liu, 2015) 9) Direct Costs The immediate expenses are alluding the costs associated with the costs of materials, work charges, and different procedure of the creation house. Model The immediate work charge, commissions of the materials, fabricating supplies, and piece rate compensation are the immediate expenses. 10) Direct Labor The work related in the support, regulatory, and other help offices are named as Direct Labor Model Individuals who are producing the nourishments or benefits and keeping up the exercises of the associations are considered as the immediate work of an association. 11) Fixed Costs The consistent and fixed costs engaged with the companys creation are considered as the fixed expenses Model Models are the rents, credit installments, and protection premium. 12) Indirect Costs The costs that are not straightforwardly appended to the bookkeeping factors for any task or action are named as roundabout Costs. Model Expenses of the task, capacities, office or items 13) Indirect Labor Circuitous works are indicating the went through hours on a specific action or undertaking, which has not been followed beforehand. Model Buying staff, Production Supervisor 14) Just-in-Time (JIT) Production System The system is primarily utilized in expanding the proficiency and diminishing the measure of wastages by getting the quality measure of products according to the necessities. Model Figure 4: Example of JIT creation (Source: Chen Sarker, 2015) 15) Opportunity Costs Opportunity cost is deciding the options during the hour of choosing any other option. Model Figure 5: Example of Opportunity Costs (Source: Garciaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Castro Aguilera, 2015) 16) Period Costs The period costs are related with the selling functionalities of the business by deciding the regulatory purposes. Model Selling costs, devaluation cost, promoting costs 17) Product Cost The item cost is creating the possibility of the expenses related during the assembling of any item. Model Crude materials, processing plant devaluation, work charge 18) Sunk Cost Sunk Costs are alluding to the costs that have been brought about and can't recoup. Model Future costs, imminent expenses 19) Total Quality Management (TQM) The methodology of the administration in deciding the drawn out progress through accomplishing the consumer loyalty is considered as Total Quality Management. Model Figure 6: Example of TQM (Source: Calvo-Mora et al. 2014) 20) Variable Costs The costs engaged with the creation volume are considered as factor costs. Model Direct Materials, Commissions, Piece rate Labor References Calvo-Mora, A., Ruiz-Moreno, C., Picn-Berjoyo, A., Cauzo-Bottala, L. (2014). Intercession impact of TQM specialized factors in greatness the board systems.Journal of Business Research,67(5), 769-774. Chen, Z., Sarker, B. R. (2015). Streamlining of multi-stage JIT creation valuing choice: concentrated and decentralized models and algorithms.International Journal of Production Research,53(20), 6210-6230. Fan, Y., Liu, X. K. (2015). Misclassifying Core Expenses as Special Items: Cost of Goods Sold or Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses?.Contemporary Accounting Research, Forthcoming. Garciaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Castro, R., Aguilera, R. V. (2015). Steady worth creation and apportionment in a world with different stakeholders.Strategic Management Journal,36(1), 137-147. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic administration. McGraw-Hill. Zhang, Y. F., Hoque, Z., Isa, C. R. (2015). The Effects of Organizational Culture and Structure on the Success of Activity-Based Costing Implementation. InAdvances in Management Accounting(pp. 229-257). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Socio Human Rights Zapatismo and Nationalism

Question: Talk about the Socio Human Rights for Zapatismo and Nationalism. Answer: Kolchanski's Aboriginal rights and remarks of Goodale and Gledhill inquiries of personality and Zapatista Native rights are by and large named as the privileges of Aboriginal individuals and they are identified with the rights in regards to specific zones and occupation. The privileges of the Aboriginal individuals incorporate the rights which were at that point appreciated before European attack. The early First Nation was obviously particular from present occasions and the rights which were framed are indigenous in nature. There are various gatherings of aboriginals and the rights may change between these gatherings. The rights center around religion, language, customs, practice of culture, self-government, self-assurance, exercises, assets, and land. The rights are allowed to them in light of their home regions and occupation identified with their natural surroundings. Those rights additionally affect their current lawful and political frameworks. The social structures of Aboriginal individuals are unique in relation to other populace living in the nation just as they don't go under a ll locale rules when contrasted with non-Aboriginal populace in a nation (Indigenous Foundations, 2016). Zapatista is one of the aggressor and political gatherings, which is dynamic in the southern piece of Mexico. It follows radical belief system and it has its interest in Chiapas. A war has been pronounced against the legislature and military powers of Mexico bolster the belief system of communism and Marxism. The gathering has been named on the name of Commander Emiliano Zapata. The gathering essentially comprises of the indigenous network of the locale and has support from different indigenous and provincial networks. These people group are additionally upheld by some global and urban zones and they follow Zapatismo and Neozapatismo (Cultural Survival, 2016). Dambour Schools of Approach and Ishay discussions Michelline Ishay portrays the battle identified with human rights in his book. The battle has portrayed from Mesopotamian Codes to introduce day situation of globalization. The book comprises of the scholarly and verifiable improvements since ages and portrays the contentions in developments of social significance, armed forces and thoughts. As indicated by Ishay, imaginative articulation, customs and writings have assumed a significant job in the arrangement of human rights. It is considered as probably the best structure identified with human rights: history and current situations. She had additionally referenced the cause and the standpoint of European progress on human privileges of different nations during their colonization period. She additionally utilized political articulations, talks, and compositions as confirmation in the book. Numerous discussions ascend because of her questionable book and shook the network of masterminds, essayists and activists (Ishay, 2008). Ishay included contentions and discussions from the old records identified with human rights, for example, the announcement of George W. Shrub. Also, the conversations in the book exhibited the consistency in various social orders of the world about humankind. Religions and conventions were examined by the creator. Marie-Bndicte Dembour has depicted the basics of human rights through various schools. Each school has a shifted portrayal. The characteristic school characterizes human rights. The dissent school considers human rights as desires and claims for the abused and under-special. Also, the researchers continually battle for human rights as they accept that a solitary success doesn't stop foul play. Talk school depicts effect of human rights in political undertakings. They don't bolster different schools yet concur human rights powerfully affect the present society (Willen, 2012; Dembour, 2010). Goodale, Surrendering to Utopia and Sikka Cultural relativism, Manheim and Ricoeur Ideology and Utopia, Douzinas Cosmopolitanism Imprint Goodale's work on human rights has been named as one of the most reasonable takes a shot at human rights and its effect on the current society. The present world is encircled by human rights and lawful, political, optimistic and expository perspectives assume a significant job in the use of human rights. It very well may be expressed that the book is critical for different researchers identified with human rights. It might incorporate alumni understudies, researchers, non-anthropologists and anthropologists. The perceptions of the author are important, provocative and convincing as it depicts the utilization of ethnographic instruments to scrutinize the use of human rights (Douzinas, 2008). The book composed by Mannheim and Ricoeur portrayed ideal world and belief system and connection between them. Significantly, all the insightful works speak to belief system and disregard ideal world. The creators concur that perfect world is similarly significant and ought to be talked about. The creator attempts to expose belief system and show it. Mannheim advocates ideal world as one of the prime factors in human race. Besides, the other creator contends that perfect world can be considered as a remedial measure for the issues which are shown by belief system. Both are considered as positive capacities for the creators. Crafted by Douzinas centers around the cosmopolitan culture which thinks about space for the conceivable commitment with the incorporation of human rights. It energizes such commitment (Goodale, 2010). Activism and globalization of Human rights in the year 2000, the change till today. Aporias of New advances, Kurosawa's Activism of Globalization Globalization is named as the current circumstance of the world. It additionally implies that the entire world is considered as a solitary political economy and it works as a free market. Globalization has been changing the world since long occasions and the expansion in worldwide exchanging has given a stage to different individuals of various societies to collaborate. It has additionally assumed a basic job in satisfying dreams of numerous individuals. The chain response has globalized media too. Along these lines, in nutshell, market and globalization have upheld numerous enterprises to grow their business. The article centers around the intensity of worldwide organizations in abusing the assets in a nation and defying guidelines with respect to privileges of the local populace. For instance, lands from ranchers are being grabbed in creating nations in the namesake of industrialization and globalization. The creator depicts that colonization has been supplanted by globalization of these organizations where they attempt to devour national riches, HR, and normal assets. Choices are made in corporate board rooms in created nations as opposed to inclusion of nearby network. Creators, for example, Kurosawa have introduced the evil impacts of globalization on the creating nations and have portrayed the situation of mistreated and beset individuals because of incredible rule of these organizations (Deslandes King, 2006). In any case, new innovations and web based life have changed the method of rehearsing human rights in a capricious way. It causes occurrences and occasions to become famous online and have most extreme inclusion (Ishay, 2008). Douzinas says that the short out between human rights as belief system and Human rights as scrutinize is finished. The finish of human rights agrees with their ascent The creator Douzinas have clarified about the effect of human rights in this day and age. Universal legislative issues have been enormously impacted by human rights. Worldwide request has been guarded and sorted out by philanthropy. In the book, the writer reappropriates human rights and recognizes it from the gathering who needs to authorize human rights. The whole depiction is sorted into two sections where the initial segment includes ontological cases. Douzinas attempts to depict human rights as a structure device for subjectivity. He gives the explanation that it is the human rights that help the presence of human race and mankind doesn't convey anything as per human rights (Langlois, 2013). Creator contrasts the relationship of human rights and neoliberal private enterprise where he finds that the topic of human rights is getting veered off from doing combating social foul play to being an apparatus for globalization. He expresses that extreme correspondence is a higher priority than independence in human rights. In addition, he attests to the point of amalgamation of profound quality and force for organizing human rights. He portrays the job of rising domain in the mistreatment of human rights for their advantages. He bolsters idealistic cosmopolitanism however has not prevailing to help the idea in a legitimate way. Fighting foul play through radical uniformity is troublesome and less functional (Sargent, 2008). References Social Survival. (2016). Indigenous Identity at the Margin: Zapatismo and Nationalism. Recovered august 19, 2016, from Culturalsurvival.org: https://www.culturalsurvival.org/ourpublications/csq/article/indigenous-character edge zapatismo-and-patriotism Dembour, M.- B. (2010). What Are Human Rights? Four Schools of Thought. Human Rights Quarterly, 32(1), 1-20. Deslandes, A., King, D. (2006). Independent activism and the worldwide equity development. Diary of Sociology, 42(3), 310327. Douzinas, C. (2008). Human Rights and Empire: The Political Philosophy of Cosmopolitanism. Abingdon: Routledge-Cavendish. Goodale, M. (2010). Giving up to Utopia: An Anthropology of Human Rights. Stanford University Press. Indigenous Foundations. (2016). Native Rights. Recovered august 19, 2016, from Indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca: https://indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca/home/land-rights/native rights.html Ishay, M. R. (2008). The History of Human Rights: From Ancient Times to the Globalization Era (second ed.). College of California Press. Langlois, A. J. (2013, July 29). Seven Counter-postulations on Human Rights. Recovered august 19, 2016, from Criticallegalthinking.com: https://criticallegalthinking.com/2013/07/29/seven-counter-proposals on-human-rights/ Commander, L. T. (2008). Philosophy and perfect world: Karl Mannheim and Paul Ricoeur. Diary of Politic

Dangers of Untreated Depression in Teens

Dangers of Untreated Depression in Teens Depression Childhood Depression Print The Dangers of Untreated Depression in Teens By Kathryn Rudlin, LCSW Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 19, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Richard Clark / Getty Images When depression in teens is left untreated, the consequences can be severe, and in some cases, deadly. Like other illnesses, depression continues to get worse when untreated. Problems That Depressed Teenagers May Face Teens who have depression are at high risk to develop many serious problems as they struggle to cope with the emotional pain they are feeling. Although the behaviors described below are not specific to depression, they may raise some suspicion for the presence of depression or other mood disorders. Behavior Problems at Home Teens may begin to withdraw from family members for a number of reasons. But depression can lead to feelings of anger and irritability, which can result in an ongoing negative attitude or even defiance. Symptoms of depression can also cause people to feel that they are unlovable or unwanted. Problems Competing in Sports Fatigue and lack of energy are common symptoms of depression. Because of low energy levels, teens may find it more difficult to compete in sports or physical education courses. Other common symptoms such as irritability, lack of confidence, and difficulties getting along with peers can make taking part in group sports a challenge. Declining School Performance Depression can make it hard for teenagers to function fully in academic settings. Symptoms such as difficulty concentrating, lack of interest, fatigue, mood swings, and worthlessness can impair school performance. Dropping grades are sometimes a sign that a teen may be struggling with symptoms of depression. Social Issues Depression can make it difficult to relate to others. People often feel worthless or unworthy of attention from other people. People who are depressed also tend to withdraw socially, which can further contribute to feelings of loneliness and isolation. Substance Use People sometimes turn to drugs and alcohol in an effort to self-medicate, self-treat sleeping difficulties, cope with suicidal thoughts. Feelings of depression may lead teens to try drugs or alcohol, and continued use may contribute to continued feelings of depression. One study found that symptoms of depression were linked to the initiation of drug use by teens.?? Depressed Teens and Alcohol Use Risky Behavior Depression may also increase risky behaviors in teens. Such actions might include things like driving carelessly, having unprotected sex, or involvement in illegal activities. The consequences of these actions can often be devastating as well as life-altering. Self-Harm Behaviors Self-injury behaviors involve hurting oneself deliberately in an attempt to try to express or control inner pain. These actions can include cutting, burning the skin, headbanging, self-hitting, hair pulling, and skin picking. Signs of self-harm can include always wearing long-sleeves, unexplained cuts or bruises, impulsive or risky behaviors, and repeatedly rubbing areas of the body. The Warning Signs of Self-Injury Violence Towards Others Self-loathing can develop into directing anger and rage onto others. This acting out behavior will often have consequences that lead the teen to more depressive episodes. Aggression, anger, and irritability can cause friends and family to withdraw, leaving the teen even more isolated and lonely. Continued Depression One serious consequence associated with untreated depression in teens is the continuation or worsening of depression symptoms. As teens get older, they may experience recurring episodes of depression or their depressive symptoms may become more severe. The longer this continues, the more of an impact it will have on a teens ability to function. They may become increasingly isolated from friends and family, grades may suffer, and they may find it difficult to complete normal daily tasks. Untreated depression can also disrupt sleep patterns. Research has shown that sleep problems can both contribute to the onset of depression and that depression then exacerbates sleep disturbances.?? Suicide Threats or Attempts Depressed teens have a high rate of suicide due to experiencing significant emotional pain that they want to stop. According to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, suicide is the second leading cause of death for teens in the U.S.?? Depression is a major risk factor for teen suicide. Other risk factors include family history, trauma, abuse, life stress, eating disorders, bullying, and drug or alcohol misuse. Untreated depression can affect teens in devastating ways which makes it critically important to get help for a teen who is showing signs of this condition. Teen Suicide Warning Signs and Prevention Ways Parents Can Help Because of the potential consequences of untreated depression in teens, its critical for parents to be on the lookout for signs and symptoms, which can be different from depression in adults. While teens can be moody in general, parents should be alert to signs that their child is experiencing symptoms of depression. Depression treatments are effective and can significantly improve your childs quality of life. Know the Signs Common symptoms of depression in teens include: SadnessMood swingsFrequent bouts of cryingHopelessnessFeeling worthlessLoss of interest in activitiesWithdrawing from friends and familyAppetite and weight changesIrritabilityTrouble concentratingChanges in sleep habitsTalking about death or suicide Facts About Teen Depression Get Help If you suspect that your teen is depressed or experiencing symptoms of depression, the first thing you should do is talk to your childs pediatrician. A doctor can evaluate your child and check for any underlying medical causes that may be contributing to symptoms. Your childs pediatrician can also make recommendations for treatment, including prescribing antidepressant medications or referring you to a psychiatrist or other mental health professional for further treatment. Treatment options often depend on the nature and severity of your teens symptoms. Milder symptoms may respond well to active support and lifestyle modifications. More moderate to severe cases may require psychotherapy, medication, or both. Be Supportive Parents should always take symptoms of teen depression seriously. Talk to your child, listen to what they have to say, and take their feelings seriously. Even if you dont understand what they are going through, never be dismissive of their emotions or experiences. By being a source of understanding and support, your child may be more willing to open up to you and accept help. If you think that your child may be having suicidal thoughts, contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255  to talk to a trained professional in your area. How to Help Your Depressed Teenager

Who Invented Computer and Video Games

It would be something of a misnomer to attribute the creation and development of video games to any singular moment or event. Rather, the process can be best described as an ongoing evolution, a long and winding journey of advancements with numerous inventors all playing pivotal roles. In 1952, A.S. Douglas wrote his Ph.D. thesis at the University of Cambridge on Human-Computer interaction. As part of the project, Douglas created the first graphics-based computer game: a version of Tic-Tac-Toe. The game was programmed on an EDSAC vacuum-tube computer, which relied on a cathode ray tube display.In  1958, William Higinbotham created the first true video game. His game, titled Tennis for Two, was devised and played on a Brookhaven National Laboratory oscilloscope. Using an MIT PDP-1 mainframe computer, Steve Russell designed SpaceWar!—the first game specifically made for computer play in 1962.In 1967, Ralph Baer wrote Chase, the first video game played on a television set. (Baer, who was then part of military electronics firm Sanders Associates, first conceived of his idea in 1951 while working for Loral, a television company.)In 1971, Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney  created the first arcade game. It was called Computer Space and was based on Steve Russells earlier game of Spacewar! A year later, the arcade game Pong was created by Bushnell, with help from Al Alcorn. Bushnell and Dabney would go on to become the founders of Atari Computers that same year. In 1975, Atari re-released Pong as a home video game. Larry Kerecman, one of the first video arcade game operators, wrote:   The brilliance of these machines was that Nolan Bushnell and company took what was computer programming (in Space War) and translated it into a simpler version of the game (no gravity) using hard-wired logic circuits. The printed circuit boards that comprise electronics of these games use integrated circuits called small-scale integrated circuits. They consist of discrete logic chips and gates or gates, 4-line to 16-line decoders, etc. straight out of the Texas Instruments catalog. The shape of the rocket ship and flying saucer even are visible in a pattern of diodes on the PC board. In 1972, Magnavox released  the first commercial home video game console, The Odyssey, which came pre-programmed with a dozen games. The machine had originally been designed by Baer while he was still at Sanders Associates in 1966. Baer managed to gain his legal rights to the machine after Sanders Associates rejected it.In 1976, Fairchild released the first programmable home game console, the Fairchild Video Entertainment System. Later renamed Channel F, the system was one of the first to use a newly invented microchip  by Robert Noyce of the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation. Thanks to this chip, video games were no longer limited by the number of TTL switches.On June 17, 1980, Ataris Asteroids and Lunar Lander became  the first two video games to be registered with  the United States Copyright Office.In 1989, Nintendo introduced the popular Game Boy system, a portable handheld video console created by game designer Gumpei Yokoi. He was also known for creating Virtual Boy, Famicom (and NES) as well as the Metroid series.

Video Game Industry Essay - 591 Words

Released this past month where the next-generation gaming consoles. Hoping to capture a market dominated by Sonys PlayStation 2, Microsoft has earmarked $500 million for its marketing campaign and the hype alone is enough to make a certain people look at this console. A sizable investment at $299 for the Xbox and $199 for the Game Cube, getting past the price tag is only the first hurdle. The second is deciding which to buy. The worlds largest software maker followed familiar territory in developing the Xbox using a PC-based design. Powered by a 733-megahertz Intel processor, its the most powerful console ever created. It even looks cool with its jet-black with an eerie Aliens inspired slime-green quot;Xquot;. A built-in hard drive†¦show more content†¦The controller parallels the consoles sleek design. Unlike the Xboxs, it feels natural in the hands, with two analog control sticks, large buttons and triggers for both index fingers. Target markets for the systems show who these gifts should be intended for. According to industry analysts, the Xbox targets the coveted 16-26 year-old demographic, with more adult-themed games that feature realistic violence and scantily clad female heroes like Lara Croft of PlayStations Tomb Raider. Nintendo targets younger gamers and loyalists who arent swayed by technological superiority of one console over the other. Nintendo delivers affordable innovation and what its loyal fan base expects, new games featuring appealing characters like the Mario Brothers. Nintendos fans identify with characters like Mario, making superior graphics unnecessary. In this Nintendo is introducing Pikmin, a game invented by legendary game maker and Mario inventor, Shigero Miyamoto. The strategy game features the kind of characters Miyamoto is famous for and revolves around an alien who must plant seeds that become aliens who harvest flowers and kill there enemies. Pikmin, like Luigis Castle, is only found on the GameCube, and is exemplary of other future exclusives to be release like Sonic Adventure 2 and Super Monkey Ball. That people identify with Nintendos charactersShow MoreRelatedVideo Games And The Video Game Industry1290 Words   |  6 Pagesthe gaming demographic, but the industry hasn’t done much to make them feel welcome. During the last decade, the mainstream video game industry has seemed to opera te under the same apparent assumptions: girls don’t play big action games, boys like the sexualization of girls in video games and won’t play as a female character unless she is heavily sexualized, and that girls play video games for the attention of boys. These assumptions are what allows the gaming industry to continue to focus on theirRead MoreVideo Games And The Video Game Industry792 Words   |  4 Pages The video game industry has changed a lot since its inception, and a large part of that is due to the video game crash of 1983. 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All in all, the industry is faring well with reported sales ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On The Video Game Industry Essay1238 Words   |  5 Pagesnetwork effects in the video game industry? The network effects in the video game industry are derived from the console system that is sold to consumers. If a company is able to increase penetration in this arena, though at-cost/ below-cost pricing or pull created through the development of desirable content, it can potentially lock in the added value of the video games sold for the system. Which is to say, the console locks-in the network effects in the industry and the games serve to reap the profits

Game Industry Forecast Shows Solid Growth Free Essays

The global game industry will generate $60 billion in revenue for 2011, and is growing at 10% annually according to a new research report by industry analyst Colin Sebastian for RW Baird. That growth rate should see overall industry revenue hit $80 billion by 2014, but the some areas of the business will remain flat or even decline, while other areas will be growing at an annual rate of 15% to 20%. The growth areas that Sebastian sees are in online and mobile games, â€Å"driven primarily by downloadable content (DLC) and mobile games† and social games to a lesser extent. We will write a custom essay sample on Game Industry Forecast Shows Solid Growth or any similar topic only for you Order Now These areas will be growing annually at a rate of 15% or more for the next several years, Sebastian believes. Unfortunately, other areas of the game business won’t be faring as well. He sees packaged software sales staying flat this year, with the growth in Xbox 360 and PS3 sales being offset by the decline in Wii and handheld game sales. This quarter will see strong sales with many big titles coming out, but that positive sales picture will only be enough to pull the sales out of the loss category for the year. The good news for the game business is that it’s the only media business with a strong positive growth forecast for the next several years. Newspapers, magazines, music, TV and other media businesses are struggling with the transition to a digital distribution model, but the high level of innovation in the game industry has kept the overall picture positive. That’s not to say there are no problems; Sebastian sees â€Å"many video game companies will continue to struggle through this transition. † Sebastian sees the mobile market as bringing in $2 billion in revenue this year, with growth continuing due to rapid adoption of smartphones and tablets. He cites studies showing that games are the leading applications on smartphones, and consumers consumers have been very willing to pay for games or for in-app purchases with â€Å"freemium† hgames, which now represent the majority of revenues for mobile games. Sebastian believes tablets can be the next great market for games, given that the form factor is better than a smartphone for playing games. Studies also show that gaming is the number one usage of tablets, with over 70% of tablet owners playing games on the devices. The difficult business climate for traditional game companies means there are fewer clear winners to invest in right now. Sebastian sees GameStop as a good holiday play given the large number of AAA titles coming out this quarter, and beyond that he picks Activision and Electronic Arts as the best performers for long-term investors, followed by Take Two. The nature of the game market is changing in the USA, according to studies cited by Sebastian. He points to the Entertainment Software Association study showing 72% of US households play games, with the average age of gamers being 37. Additionally, more than half of gamers play on their phones and other handheld game devices, and women now represent 42% of the gamer population. † It’s a far cry from the traditional â€Å"our market is teenage boys of all ages† that used to be the only demographic for game companies to care about. Sebastian sees hope for the core games segment, in that the broad appeal of casual games may get more people interested in gaming, and eventually looking for the deeper experiences that console games and PC games can offer. He sees the PC game market doing better in 2012, mostly on the strength of hit releases like Diablo III. Handheld devices, lead by the Nintendo 3DS and the Sony PSP (and soon the PS Vita) will be flat in 2012, with the launch of the PS Vita helping to offset the shift to smartphones, at least for a while. Sebastian believes the PS Vita may be able to take the leading position from the 3DS. Finally, Sebastian sees social games continuing to grow and develop in depth and richness, eventually being able to appeal more to core gamers. Console games will add more social elements, too, and eventually social games outside of Facebook will become more popular. He sees growth rates surpassing 10% annually for the next 3-5 years. The current leaders are Zynga, with 262 million monthly average users (MAU), followed by Electronic Arts with 203 million MAU. Overall, it’s a complex portrait of a rapidly growing and changing industry. Clearly there are dangers ahead for many companies as business models are changing, and once-profitable businesses are seeing their audiences depart for other types of gaming. Successful companies will be the ones who stay flexible as conditions continue to change rapidly. What’s your opinion on the future of the game industry? How to cite Game Industry Forecast Shows Solid Growth, Essays

Strategic Management Business Policy -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Strategic Management Business Policy? Answer: Introduction Ripcurl was established in 1969 by Brian Singer and Doug Warbrick. Ripcurl is one of the largest surfing companies. It is a famous Australian manufacturer of surfboards and wetsuits. The company has stores in Australia, South America, North America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Middle East. Ripcurl is a private company and has competition from public companies such as Billabong and U.S Quicksilver. The Australian Institute for Commercialisation (AIC) was also involved with Ripcurl to search new material and innovations which can improve the performance of heating elements. It also results in reducing heat loss and low power battery consumptions (Anderson, et. al. 2015). The AIC introduced private companies to Ripcurl which provides technology in automotive, giftware and safety product industries. These companies also provide direct technology in new markets. It provides equipment, technology and knowledge to develop a new product. The company is also in talks with Techfast to enhance ran ge of wet suit product. In this report, PESTEL analysis and porters five force analysis of Ripcurl is discussed. Issue found in products of the company is analysed. Strategic recommendations are also explained to focus on the expansion of company. PESTEL Analysis The PESTEL analysis scans the external environment. A company operates in the external macro environment. PESTEL stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Legal factors. These factors have important role in the value creation of company. A business usually does not have control on these factors and are assumed as opportunities. Opportunity: The opportunity of Ripcurl in the market is growing demand and new markets. The income level of the company is at constant increase, which can be helpful in the global markets. There are so many local surfing companies in the market, the company can acquire these companies and can expand market share (Berg, et. al. 2015). Threat: The threat in the market for Ripcurl is changing prices and increased cost of raw materials. Cash flow is also problem for the company which can be result of low prices. Political factors: The political factors show the complete support from the government. It can be evaluated from the redefined trade barriers and import duties which are effective to Ripcurl. The government made export procedure much easier. The rate of import duty is also reduced subsequently. The government has also made regulations to protect domestic clothing industry. It is also trying to reduce waste which is being produced from electrical products. World Trade Organisations bilateral trade agreements have affected Ripcurl (Snyder, 2014). All the businesses are required to submit financial reports to International financial reporting standards. Economic factors: The society spends more income on the products which promote physical activity. The improved standard of living has resulted in increasing purchasing power of the population. It also has increased popularity of surfing and skateboards. The majority of the revenue of Ripcurl is collected from other regions, so it is influenced by the fluctuations in currency. The company has created new markets and earns higher income from the global point of view (Jones, 2015). Social factors: The brand awareness of the company is influenced by the increasing popularity of surfing and skateboards. The taste of the customers depends on their traditional and cultures. Like people in Australia prefer faded colours and people of US like to buy bright colours. The demand for clothing shows that eco-friendly products are more preferred. Ripcurl fulfils such demand (Ross, 2016). The company also has non-profit organisation which is committed to enhance the quality of life for the community of board riders by supporting education and health projects. Technological factors: The technological trend is significant in clothing industry. Ripcurl is using technology to achieve exposure in industry. Television and internet has helped in gaining exposure and attracting customers in surfing and skateboarding. E-commerce has helped in simplifying logistical and organisational difficulties while operating global business (Wilkinson, Wood Demirbag, 2014). Environmental factors: Consumers prefer to buy more of eco-friendly products. They focus on the source of materials, where it is sourced and whether the production process has any negative impacts on the environment. Legal factor: Ripcurl ensures to complete all legal proceedings such as protecting intellectual property right issues such as logo of brand, name and trademark (Park,Campbell Bremmer, 2014). Porter five forces The competition is high in the clothing industry. There are big competitors in the market such as Billabong, Millers, Bonds and quicksilver. The threat of new entries is high because it requires less investment to enter in industry. The buyer bargaining in the market is high because of the various alternatives available in the market. Porters five forces used to better understand Ripcurls global expansion strategy. Competition: Since 1970, there was growing popularity of surfing and then Ripcurl, Billabong and Quicksilver were prominent players in the market for surfing. These companies have still established their brand image in surfing subculture. In the 1990s the company started to pursue international exposure by making available backpacks, wetsuits and watches to gain market share. New entrants: New companies are entering in the industry as the demand for surfing apparels is going strong. For example Abercrombie Fitch and Hollister have moved into manufacturing surfing clothes. Afrends is one of the small brand, has gained popularity among young surfers (Soederberg, 2016). Suppliers power: Ripcurl is a well-known international brand. To keep economies of scale, the company outsource its manufacturing unit to small companies. The company has sourcing division in North Korea to provide its products to Singapore and New Zealand. They have no bargaining power. Consumer power: The consumers do not have enough bargaining power due to the size of population. Usually consumers prefer to buy products that would be cheaper than the existing ones. Product substitutes: According to the survey and findings, Nike has overtaken lead from Ripcurl as the best choice of youth. Many rival brands have also attained popularity such as Billabong and Quicksilver (Schaltegger, Burritt Petersen, 2017). Females prefer to buy disposable fashion with cheaper prices. The brands such as Country Road and Colorado are substitutes for Ripcurl, but they are different in quality and style. Issue Analysis Confusing price is the issue of Ripcurl. The company lacks a clear pricing strategy. The company offers lower prices when its compared to competitors like Billabong and Quiksilver. As, a result the profit margin of company is low for competing with rivals. As a result, the high rate of loans and interests create burden for the company. So the low prices fixed by company creates problem to buy raw materials at increased prices. It is also problem for the company to maintain standard of products through innovations. Maintaining low standard can lack brand image. The innovations are done to gain competitive advantage (Dyck, 2017). Acquiring local companies are also sometimes problem for the company. Sometimes these local companies are not capable to produce as per requirement. Their technology is quite old and cannot compel to the requirements of customers. The company needs to set a clear pricing strategy in such a way that it can save profit margin appropriately. It can distinct company from other competitors. The prices should be fix in such a way that cost of raw material is quite low than the cost of product. It increases revenue of company. The local companies should be acquired only after checking the relevancy and working system. Management recommendations The company uses strategies such as Porters generic strategy to avoid problems, attain competitive advantage and to be successful in future. Emerging youth label: Ripcurl need to acquire emerging youth labels such as Nixon watches, DC Shoes, RVCA, Rossignol Skis, Dakine and Mrs Palmers surf gear to increase market share. As, Youth tend to buy more products. Most part of population is youngsters. It can help in increasing sales of company. The business can incorporate business operations by funding new retail stores and buying existing chains. It should be relevant. It not only expands the market but also helps in attaining new technologies and methods. Techniques differentiate products from other companies and helps in building new products (McKenna, 2017). Resistant to change: Ripcurl should focus on the resistance to change to run activities and operations successfully. The workers do not like to adopt new changes and technologies as it increases their burden of work, so they avoid making any changes in the process. The managers and top management should maintain a reciprocal relationship with employees to resolve their problems and issues. Resistance to change can actually bring efficiency and specialisation to an organisation (Buono, 2015). To facilitate goals of the company it continues to invest in global platforms and concentrates on customer centricity. Space to grow: The demand for surf style products is expected to remain strong despite the trembles in the market. Ripcurl should use the unique leadership style to influence employees in the company. It helps to handle the grievance and complaints of customers. The company should try to be first to introduce and produce new products and technology. The company should take all the necessary measures to improve service and provide satisfaction to customers. Ripcurl has established craft association along with authentic nature of the surf products. This way the company can increase number of customers (Albert Beatty, 2014). More efforts to reconnect customers can also involve focusing on design and style of clothing different from local markets. Advertisement and promotional strategies should also be focused to increase sales and profitability in the future. Focus on the strategies: The single important thing done by company is putting customers at centre. The company tries innovative ways to attract audience. Ripcurl should focus on the business and corporate level strategies to maximize revenue and outputs of the company. It helps to maintain sustainability within the organisation. The company should also make attractive strategies to connect and link with customers and local companies with dignity. These strategies also provide estimation and understanding of doing business effectively. It must also create valuable and non-place competitive strategy by creating strong core competencies, which helps to survive operations in future. Technology is also helpful to remove global shopping barriers (Christopher, Laasch Roberts, 2016). Conclusion From this report it can be concluded that Ripcurl is an established Australian company. The company has issues in the form of price and acquiring local companies. It was determined by the threat and opportunities available in the market. These issues are analysed from PESTEL analysis and Porter five forces. These issues can be resolved by emerging in youth label, resistant to change and by focusing on strategies. The company can solve the issue of acquiring local companies by focusing on the strategies used by them (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). The price issue can be resolved by resistance to change and giving space to grow. All these recommendations not only help to resolve issues of company but also help to gain competitive advantage and expansion of business. References Albert, M., Beatty, B. J. (2014). Flipping the classroom applications to curriculum redesign for an introduction to management course: Impact on grades.Journal of Education for Business,89(8), 419-424. Anderson, D. R., Sweeney, D. J., Williams, T. A., Camm, J. D., Cochran, J. J. (2015).An introduction to management science: quantitative approaches to decision making. Cengage learning. Berg, D., Mani, H. S., Marinakis, Y. G., Tierney, R., Walsh, S. (2015). An introduction to Management of Technology pedagogy (andragogy). Buono, A. F. (2015). An Introduction to Management Consultancy.Academy of Management Learning Education,14(1), 144-147. Christopher, E., Laasch, O., Roberts, J. (2016). New approaches to introduction to management courses.Journal of Management Education,40(3), 359-361. Dyck, B. (2017). Reflecting on 25 Years of Teaching, Researching, and Textbook Writing for Introduction to Management: An Essay With Some Lessons Learned.Journal of Management Education, 1052562917693381. Jones, M. L. (2015). Management of elimination, Series 5 1: Introduction.British Journal of Healthcare Assistants,9(6), 272-272. McKenna, C. (2017). Introduction from management consultant to psychological counsel. Park, H. A., Campbell, M., Bremmer, D. (2014). INTRODUCTION. Performance Management in Practice: Working Together to Improve Results.TR News, (293). Ross, D. F. (2016).Introduction to e-supply chain management: engaging technology to build market-winning business partnerships. CRC Press. Schaltegger, S., Burritt, R., Petersen, H. (2017).An introduction to corporate environmental management: Striving for sustainability. Routledge. Snyder, R. A. (2014). Lets burn them all: Reflections on the learning-inhibitory nature of Introduction to Management and Introduction to Organizational Behavior textbooks.Journal of Management Education,38(5), 733-758. Soederberg, S. (2016). IntroductionRisk Management in Global Capitalism. InRisking Capitalism(pp. 1-20). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. pearson. Wilkinson, A., Wood, G., Demirbag, M. (2014). Guest editors introduction: People management and emerging market multinationals.Human Resource Management,53(6), 835-849.

Ihrm Reflects the Interest of Hr Managers Who May Seek to Promote Their Own Interests Rather Than the Needs of Organisations. Essay Example

Ihrm Reflects the Interest of Hr Managers Who May Seek to Promote Their Own Interests Rather Than the Needs of Organisations. Essay Report Question: IHRM reflects the interest of HR managers who may seek to promote their own interests rather than the needs of organisations. Nowadays, many people might think that International Human Resource Management (IHRM) is synonymous with expatriate management. However, IHRM covers more than just the management of expatriates. According to Laurent (1986, pp. 91-93), IHRM is a set of activities aimed managing organisational human resources at international level to achieve organisational goals and achieve competitive advantage over competitors at national and international level. IHRM includes typical HRM functions such as human resource planning, recruitment, selection, placement, training and development, performance appraisal and compensation at international level and additional activities such as global skills management, expatriate management and so on. According to Scullion (1995, pp352-353), IHRM has become more important in recent years for a number of reasons. First, global activities and global competitions has been increasing rapidly. As the Multinational Companies increase in number and influence, the role of IHRM in those companies grows in significance. Secondly, the effectiveness of International Human Resource Management is now recognised as a major determinant and key source of success or failure in international business. Dowling, Festing and Engle (2008, pp. 9) state that International business has more competitive advantage if they have successful management, and there has been consistent evidence to suggest that business failures in the international arena are often linked to poor management of human resources. Besides, the nature of IHRM has grown more complex over the years. We will write a custom essay sample on Ihrm Reflects the Interest of Hr Managers Who May Seek to Promote Their Own Interests Rather Than the Needs of Organisations. specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ihrm Reflects the Interest of Hr Managers Who May Seek to Promote Their Own Interests Rather Than the Needs of Organisations. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ihrm Reflects the Interest of Hr Managers Who May Seek to Promote Their Own Interests Rather Than the Needs of Organisations. specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Managing people from different backgrounds and cultures in a global environment presents and encounters many challenges. IHRM is highly dynamic and constantly evolving. It involves the same activities and dimensions as domestic HRM but operates on a much larger scale. There is more internal and external influence in IHRM. According to Dennis and Randall (2004, pp. 22-25), there are huge differences between domestic HRM and International HRM (IHRM). Firstly, domestic HRM is concerned with managing employees  belong  to one nation and IHRM is concerned with anaging  employees  belong to many nations including host-country, parent country and third country employees. Languages and jargons become communication barriers in IHRM. Secondly, domestic HRM is concerned with managing limited number of HRM activities at national level and IHRM has concerned with managing additional activities such as global skills and expatriate  management. Lastly, domestic HRM is less complicated due to less influence from the external  environment. IHRM is very complicated as it is affected heavily by external factors such as cultural distance and institutional factors. All the evidences show that IHRM is more complicated than domestic HRM, as a result, there is higher level of risks and more influence into employees’ lives and family situation. One of the biggest issues is IHRM reflects the interest of HR managers who may seek to promote their own interests rather than the needs of organisations. Firstly, Dowling, Festing and Engle (2008, pp. 5) stress that, One of the key features of IHRM as distinct from domestic HRM are expatriates (an ‘employee who is working and temporarily residing in a foreign country). † This statement reflects the uncertainty of employee’s position and duty in IHRM. Due to the differences between domestic HRM and IHRM, when HR managers work in an international organisation, they will realize the uncertainty of their job where they might encounter great difficulties in managin g employees, that came from different nations, gender and mixed workforce. In order to secure their job, according to Steven, Mara and Tony (2010, pp. 44-46) HR manager tend to promote their personal interests but neglect the needs of organisations. Secondly, according to Mark, peter and Rae (2012, pp. 416-428), â€Å"The employment relations climate of an organisation has considerable impact on employees’ performance. † It shows evidence that poor employment relations may also affect HR managers’ motivation and morale. Poor employment relation and conflict may lead to low productivity, failure in promoting and achieve organisational needs. HR managers focus on their own interest rather than the needs of organisations. Thirdly, when HR managers working and temporarily residing in a foreign country, they are unfamiliar with the new environment, they are lack of information about the organisation’s objectives, background and needs. HR managers found that it is difficult to achieve organisation goals. Lastly, organisation have poor performance management will also lead to HR managers ignored the organisation’s needs. HR managers did not get enough standard to follow. In order to improve these situations, there are several methods that organisation can do to solve and prevent HR managers tend to promote their own interests rather than the needs of organisations in IHRM. Steven, Mara and Tony (2010, pp. 363-365) indicate that a better workspace design such as cloister employees into team spaces can improve workplace communication. A better communication channel at workplace can reduce uncertainty at work, especially in IHRM, employees are from different nations, these can encourage sufficient interaction between HR managers and their colleagues. Less uncertainty in workplace, HR managers are more willing to achieve the needs of organisations. Secondly, according to Mark, peter and Rae (2012, pp. 209-222), organisation can improve employment relations by setting up trade unions, giving HR managers and employees a channel to express their opinions and negotiations. In IHRM, some of the headquarters and Branch Company of international business are not in the same country, trade unions can make the communication easier. Organisation should also give feedback to them. Better employment relations can improve employees’ productivity and achieve better performances. Thirdly, organisation should provide enough information of organisational structure, background, objectives, standards and expectations to HR managers. Provide clear guidelines can avoid confusion. In addition, according to Raymond and Colin (2009, pp. 2-8), organisation can also provide training when they recruit new HR managers or new placement. Lastly, organisation should improve performance management, appropriate management can improve HR managers performance and increase motivation. Besides, organisation can match the employee interest to job tasks to achieve higher performances. Listen to managers opinion and discuss objectives together can also achieve higher performance. In conclusion, HR managers tend to promote their own interests rather than the needs of organisations in IHRM because of uncertainty, poor employment relations, lack of organisations’ support and information and poor performance management. It is hard to say those entire problems are because of HR managers, both HR managers and organisations are responsible for the problem. HR managers and organisations should work together to overcome those problems in achieving the needs of organisations. (Word Count: 1066 words) Reference list Dennis, RB Randall, SS 2004, International Human Resource Management: Policy and practice for the global enterprise, 2nd edn, Routledge, New York. Dowling, P, Festing, M Engle, SR 2008, International Human Resource management, Cengage Learning, Melbourne. Laurent, A 1986, ‘The cross-cultural puzzle of international human resource management’, International Studies of Management and Organization, vol. 5, issue 1, pp. 91-102, viewed 8 September 2012, . Mark, B, Peter, W Rae C 2012, Employment Relations: Theory and Practice, 2nd edn, McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Limited, Australia. Raymond, AN Colin, W 2009, Employee Training and Development: For Australia New Zealand, 1st edn, McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Limited, Australia. Scullion, h 1995, International human resource management, in J. Storey edn, Human Resource Ma nagement, London. Steven, M, Mara, O Tony, T 2010, Organisational behaviour on the Pacific Rim, 3rd edn, McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Limited, Australia.

Free Essays on African Dance

The African aesthetic dance form has many characteristics that have influenced the dance forms of The New World, starting with the sacred circle in Dahomey to the Vodun ritual, Ring Shout, up to Minstrelsy, Vaudville, and musical theatre. The characteristics include the Di-bod philosophy which is an emphasis on the joints, and the movements are centrifugal in which the pelvic region is emphasized. They dance in a crouched position and are always barefoot giving them more of a connection to the earth. The dances were rhythmic, they didn’t dance with out drums for the drums were symbolized as a heart beat, and were hermeneutic, interprets life and feelings. The movements were dynamic; continuous and percussive, as opposed to static, holding a position as done in the Hindu religion. The movements also imitate animals in a realistic detail, and are polyrhythmic; all body parts are moving to different drum beats. Also improvisation was of great importance for it was historicall y used as a survival technique. The sacred circle in Dahomey was the beginning of all circle dances. The circle in the circle dance had great meaning, it represented life and how it keeps moving as if in a circle. In the circle of life we go from birth to living to death over and over again, it is a never ending circle cycle. Its form included the shuffling of the feet in a crouched position, everybody part is moving and you are moving in a counterclockwise position. The sacred circle was later transformed into the Ring shout once it reached the New World and unlike the Ring Shout the circle dance had the choice of crossing there feet while dancing. This sacred circle gave way to many other dance forms and served as a foundation to American dance. Haitian Vodun began in 1531 and is said to be â€Å"a dance of the spirit: a system of movement gestures, prayers, and songs on veneration of the invisible forces of life†. Vodun is a spiritual practice of most H... Free Essays on African Dance Free Essays on African Dance The African aesthetic dance form has many characteristics that have influenced the dance forms of The New World, starting with the sacred circle in Dahomey to the Vodun ritual, Ring Shout, up to Minstrelsy, Vaudville, and musical theatre. The characteristics include the Di-bod philosophy which is an emphasis on the joints, and the movements are centrifugal in which the pelvic region is emphasized. They dance in a crouched position and are always barefoot giving them more of a connection to the earth. The dances were rhythmic, they didn’t dance with out drums for the drums were symbolized as a heart beat, and were hermeneutic, interprets life and feelings. The movements were dynamic; continuous and percussive, as opposed to static, holding a position as done in the Hindu religion. The movements also imitate animals in a realistic detail, and are polyrhythmic; all body parts are moving to different drum beats. Also improvisation was of great importance for it was historicall y used as a survival technique. The sacred circle in Dahomey was the beginning of all circle dances. The circle in the circle dance had great meaning, it represented life and how it keeps moving as if in a circle. In the circle of life we go from birth to living to death over and over again, it is a never ending circle cycle. Its form included the shuffling of the feet in a crouched position, everybody part is moving and you are moving in a counterclockwise position. The sacred circle was later transformed into the Ring shout once it reached the New World and unlike the Ring Shout the circle dance had the choice of crossing there feet while dancing. This sacred circle gave way to many other dance forms and served as a foundation to American dance. Haitian Vodun began in 1531 and is said to be â€Å"a dance of the spirit: a system of movement gestures, prayers, and songs on veneration of the invisible forces of life†. Vodun is a spiritual practice of most H...

Effective Management Of Post-Operative Pain Literature review

Effective Management Of Post-Operative Pain - Literature review Example Effective pain management not only reduces the stay of patients at the hospital but also reduces the cost involved. Pain management is considered as the second most common nursing intervention. It is however still a consistent problem faced and has not been adequately addressed yet. The recurrence and higher probability of pain after surgery indicates the overall significance of the problem faced by the medical professionals. Since last many decades, various studies have critically highlighted the inadequate nature of the post-operative pain management by the physicians as well as by the nurses. These studies not only highlight the inadequate knowledge of the medical professionals but also provide a critical insight into the attitude of nurses and medical professionals towards post-operative pain management. Since it is also the second most common cause of nursing intervention therefore it directly affects the way nurses perform their job. What is critical to note however is the fact that medical professionals including nurses lack the knowledge, education and face other barriers to manage the post-operative pain. This literature review will present a critical review of 10 articles on this topic using Critical Appraisal Skill Programme tool to critically evaluate the articles under study. Methodological Overview of Articles Rajeh et.al (2008) used a qualitative approach to understand and explore the perceptions and experience of nurses regarding post-operative pain management. By using semi-structured interviews from 26 nurses in Iranian educational hospitals, this study utilized constant comparative method to analyze the data. It has been suggested that there are widespread knowledge gaps which need to be addressed in order to effectively tackle post-operative pain management issues. Same approach has been undertaken by Blondal & Halldorsdottir (2009) also where through 20 dialogues with 10 experienced nurses were conducted to understand as to how nurses care patients suffering post-operative pain. This was a phenomenological study with focus on understanding the motivations of nurses in pain management and what actually restricts them to achieve the objective of relieving patient sufferings. A similar type of study was carried out by Subramian et. al (2011) by using semi-structured interviews of 21 nurses working in the critical care of the acute teaching healthcare trusts in UK. This study was qualitative and exploratory in nature and a framework analysis was performed. This study however, highlighted various challenges faced by the nurses in terms of their ability to provide pain management support to patients under critical care. Wilson (2007) aimed at understanding as to whether education actually results into better pain management capabilities of nurses or not. Wilson (2007) focused on understanding the influence of post-registration education and clinical experience could actually result into better management of pain. 100 questi onnaires were circulated by the researcher out of which 86 were returned. However, a sample of 72 was taken out of which 35 nurses were from hospice/oncology and 37 were from district hospitals (general). It has been argued that working environment tend to have relative greater influence on the ability of nurse to administer pain as compared to their knowledge and education suggesting that overall influences on nurses in terms of their ability to manage pain are complex in nature. Richards (2007) conducted a qualitative study to understand the influence of experience on the nurses’ ability to actually manage post-operative p

Apples pricing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Apples pricing strategy - Essay Example However, after carefully analyzing this issue, it is safe to say that Apple should continue to price its products at a very high level for numerous reasons. One of the key reasons why Apple should continue to price its products high is due to the fact that Apple’s technology is ten years ahead of the technological curve. That enables Apple to not to avoid the pressure of competing with other firms when it comes to price since consumers are willing to allocate their funds to buy Apple products. For instance, the IPAD 2, should be priced at $500. Although other similar types of tablets that are produced by Dell or the Android are available at a lower price, it does not diminish the fact that the IPAD 2 obliterates the market with its functionality. No product in the market currently possessed two cameras, a dual-core chip, and is light-weight like the IPAD 2. Another reason why Apple should continue to price its products and services high is because of price elasticity. Price el asticity is defined as the response by the product when the price of the product is modified. If Apple was to drop the price of its new Iphone 4 from $599.99 to $399, it would be detrimental to the company itself since the demand will not drastically change, but Apple’s profit margin would be lower [1].

Factors in American Democracy

Factors in American Democracy American Democracy The seven key functions of interest groups. The interest groups are organizations that may be formed in reaction to certain issues either as a single event or threat that may later become institutionalized. They are private organizations that endeavor to influence public officials to respond the shared aspirations of their members without holding to political power. They stimulate interest in public affairs through members representation based on a criterion of shared beliefs rather than by geography. Interest groups provide useful data to governments and are a means through which political participation is attained hence they act as a check and balance. This is a fundamental role that manifest itself in politics, education, business etc. These Interest groups may be for profit while others are for non profit. One function of interest groups is to garner representation that may be political. They seek out memberships as more members more power hence attaining a position where election outcome is influenced. Therefore securing money for its cause is central and advantageous in order for it to sustain itself and be effective at lobbying and influence government policy. They have the responsibility of spreading information to the general public because they pose information that either the public or the policymakers may lack. This helps it to gain more followers and influence policy makers to take certain favorable actions. They have an inbuilt mechanism to change policy both in both private and public spheres. Interest groups do educate both their own constituents and the public and by this members are educated on the most recent developments on the issues at hand. With their developed expertise on a particular field or policy area they are normally called to testify before congress on their position concerning legislation (Aldrich, 1995). The two-party system today: is it in decline or in resurgence? Over the last three decades pundits have claimed that the American political parties are on the decline in the US politics. Their role has been reducing in the political process and it has been inferred that they are not a useful tool any more. The political action committee (PACs) has supplemented the political parties rendering them to be outdated. The view is reinforced with the idea that candidates are independent of political parties to get elected rendering the parties to be less significant. Parties do not make significant and purposeful stand on issues but are concerned with accommodating followers form the middle of the ideological spectrum rendering them irrelevant to progression of society. The party leaders do not make important decisions on presidential candidate as a result of party primaries and committees. The role of the party in educating and influencing the electorate has been overtaken by the mass electronic media. Democratic Party reformed the delegate selection process trough the 1968 convention that led to increase usage of the primaries leading to an increased youth, women and minorities representation. These reforms in the Democratic Party have made it to be reflective to the view of academicians and intellectuals at the expense of the working masses, unionist, elected officials etc who have the numbers. A large number of citizens are distrustful to the major parties viewing them as corrupt institutions that circumvent the issues at hand, have no ideas and follow public opinions rather than generate them. Nevertheless political parties still do play a crucial role in American politics (Reichley, 2000). The parties are transforming but not declining despite the political environment being more candidates centered than before. Today parties are better funded with permanent headq uarters. They are more capable to providing assistance to states and local party organizations due to the strengthened financial base. They have defined themselves as providers of expertise to the needy but they cannot themselves acquire it. They have shown unity during roll call votes in congress and after the 1968 convection the Democratic Party replaced the unit rule with system of proportionality. The Republican Party has given the national committees more control over presidential campaigns and urged state parties to encourage broader participation of all groups. Today both parties do provide training sessions for candidates on campaign planning, marketing, fund raising, volunteers and campaign scheduling. The two major political parties have demonstrated adaptability to change with time and respond to constitutes demand despite the cultural and structural forces that perpetuate the two party system showing little signs of relenting. The three types of third parties. The US electoral system works against a proliferation of political parties but minor parties and independents have still managed to run for office. Third parties are created for various reasons; a split within the republican and democratic parties often represents factions over policy issues. These splinter parties have been at the forefront in gaining popularity and the electorate college (Aldrich, 1995). Ideologically related parties and issue advocacy parties do cover both ends of the political continuum. These political parties are formed around single issues e.g. green energy. Voters normally vote for third parties because they are trying to send a message to the two big parties often with success. Both the two major parties have embraced reforms and programs that were often rejected when presented by third parties. Third parties in the long run do fail to maintain themselves at local and state levels due to skimming of their talent by the major parties. There members are always small to have any domineering influence plus lacking the financial resources to carry out effective campaigns. The two major parties consolidate their dominance of the political system through high profile campaigns and conventions subsidized by tax payer’s money. Nevertheless they have been successful at calling for attention to an otherwise ignored, misrepresented or surprised issues. They have over the years managed to get the major political parties to adopt the most important portion of third party platforms as theirs giving the far sighted voter a means of making tangible statements with greater impact on the direction of the country. They work to enhance the prospects and credibility of lesser know ideas and lesser known candidates to gain and solidify ballot access. There activity provides whoever wins off ice with a more latitude and public support in choosing new public policy approaches or solutions to existing or future problems or concerns (Schaffner, 2012). Elements of referendums, initiatives, and recalls. Many countries that are representative’s democracies permit three forms of political action providing limited direct democracy. These are initiative, referendum and recall. An initiative is a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote on a proposed law, amendments or ordinance. It allows citizens to bypass their state legislature through placing proposed statutes or constitutional amendments on the ballot. In America twenty four states have adopted the initiative proceeds in their constitutions. Two types of initiatives exist. Direct initiatives are submitted to the legislature which may act on the proposal. This depends on the state hence the question may go to the ballot and if rejected a different proposal is submitted. For indirect process the legislature submits a competing measure that appears on the ballot together with the original proposal examples states of Nevada, Ohio and Massachusetts. In Utah and Wash ington proponents either chooses the direct or indirect method (Schaffner, 2012). A referendum is a direct method of voting where an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject an article proposal. This may lead to ratification of a new constitution, amendment, law or recall of an elected official. Legislative referendum is where the legislature refers a measure to the voters for approval. Popular referendum is a measure that appears on the ballot as a result of a voter petition. Legislative referendums are less controversial than citizen initiatives with high success rates. Popular referendum is a means that allow voters to approved or repeal an act of the legislature. Law passed that citizens do not approved for may lead to gathering of signatures to demand a popular vote. Advisory referendum is where the legislature and in some states the governor places a question on the ballot to asses voter opinion where the results are not binding. A recall is a procedure where voters remove an elected official from office through a direct vote when sufficient vot ers sign a petition. It allows citizens to remove from office a public official before the expiry of the term. Recall is apolitical device different from impeachment that is a legal device (Aldrich, 1995). Media Bias Professional who constitute Americas mainstream news media are mainly left oriented and democrats. They make it clear that they are giving their opinions and analysis of the news as they perceive it rather than being impartial and focus on research so as to represent relevant facts to the audience. A more useful way of measuring the news media political and ideological makeup is to examine what the professional in the industry believe about a wide array of social, ethical amend political issues. Bias manifests itself not in the form of outright lies but as a function of what reporters choose not to tell their audience. They omit factors so as to avoid contradicting the political narrative they wish to propagate. Some mangers in American newsrooms are so ideologically entrenched that there is a feeling and discussion that some of them have a difficult time reviewing a story that reflects negatively upon government or the administration. Politicians are a biased lot and they belong to political parties that champion policies and ideologies. Irrespective of their thought these ideologies are common since they do perceive their political conversations as politics. Journalist do also speak form a political position but the industry ethics and the objective of fairness do influence there profession that endeavors to do the right thing. This objective is met through fairness to those concerned with the news covered, completeness and accuracy. The American press is a unified voice with a distinct bias that generates a simplistic thinking that fits the needs of an ideological struggle. American media bias is as a result of journalist failure to reflect upon the meaning of the premise and assumptions that supports their practice because the mass media wanted to apply a narrative structure to ambiguous events in order to create a coherent and casual sense of events (Reichley, 2000). WORKS CITED: Aldrich, J. H. (1995). Why parties?: The origin and transformation of political parties in America. Chicago [u.a.: Univ. of Chicago Press. Reichley, A. J. (2000). The life of the parties: A history of American political parties. Lanham, Md [u.a.: Rowman Littlefield. Schaffner, B. F. (2012). Politics, parties, and elections in America. Boston, MA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Organizational Plans Essay

Many organizations design and implement plans that are put into action to ensure that each department of a company is running as efficiently and as effectively as possible. There are three main plans that organizations use to assist managers with the tasks of achieving their goals; strategic planning, tactical planning, and operational planning. Strategic planning is the broad overview of goals and strategies made by top-level management, which are set for the long-term future. Tactical planning is taking these long-term goals and breaking them down into more specific and direct objectives. â€Å"Operational planning identifies the specific procedures and processes required at lower levels of the organization.† (Bateman & Snell, 2011). All three of these planning procedures are crucial in the success of an organized and successful company. In addition, a business might want to set up a contingency plan. A contingency plan will come into action if any of the prior plans should fail. If we take a look at Subaru of America, we can see that their structure depends on these three organizational plans. This vast of an organization needs as much planning as possible because there is such a variety of departments and management alike, there need to be plans set in place so that the company can operate as one complete unit. Using the strategic plan, Subaru of America is able to let its top-level managers make decisions for future business. Using the tactical plan, the strategic plan is broke down between departments and has specific goals and deadlines. These goals are then passed onto floor managers who in turn put the goals and strategies into action. These goals can either be â€Å"single-use,† or on going day-to-day tasks. References Bateman, T. S., & Snell, S. A. (2011). Management: Leading & collaborating in a competitive world (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Irwin

On Finding Nightingales in Human Voices Essay

Anne Finch’s â€Å"To the Nightingale† is an ode to a Muse, which is represented by the nightingale. The poem is written in a series of rhyming couplets that provides it a singsong rhythm throughout, which is appropriate for its subject. When emphasizing the merits of being a nightingale, the speaker articulates the difficulties of being a human poet, subject to judgment by his critics. In â€Å"To the Nightingale†, though the narrator recognizes the significance of the nightingale and even bestows upon it affirmative adjectives such as â€Å"sweet† and lofty titles like â€Å"harbinger of spring† (line 1), he knows the limitations of the bird as a poet. The first four lines indicate the admiration of the speaker for the nightingale. â€Å"This moment I attend to praise† (line 3) refers to the moment in which the nightingale will sing to announce the coming of spring. The speaker wishes to be as free with expressing himself, like the nightingale. As the line â€Å"Free as thine shall be my song† (line 5) indicates, he believes that as a human being, his singing is more restricted by his audience. On the other hand, the nightingale sings according to its nature, whether or not it pleases anyone. There is no fear of being ridiculed, or anxieties about not being praised. Moreover, the beauty of the nightingale’s singing is in its freedom: â€Å"Poets, wild as thee, were born/ Pleasing best when unconfined/ When to please is least designed/ Soothing but their cares to rest† (lines 7-10). These four lines may also suggest that the speaker is hoping to experience the same â€Å"unconfined† performance. Indeed, if the nightingale is his muse, he is inspired by its sheer autonomy and being true to itself. Some artists need their personal pain in order to produce depth of feeling. An artist who is experiencing problems while composing sad ballads will create genuine emotion which will be felt by their audience: â€Å"Cares do still their thoughts molest/ And still the unhappy poet’s breast, /Like thine, when best he sings, is placed against a thorn† (lines 11-13). The three lines, however, may also signify the other way around – that when at his best, a poet may experience loneliness brought by success. The next few lines incorporate gold as a metaphor for the beauty and the effect of the nightingale’s song, after praising the sweetness of it. â€Å"Canst thou syllables refine/Melt a sense that shall retain/Still some spirit of the brain† (lines 18-20). The words â€Å"refine† and â€Å"melt† elucidate the worth of the nightingale’s song. It can create something equivalent to gold, which consequently leaves a mark in the listener’s mind. The poem starts to change its tone by line 21. The speaker seems to expect more out of the nightingale, by asking it to change its note. He further commands â€Å"let division shake thy throat† (line 22), longing for the joyous varying and fluttering of the golden voice. At this point, the human poet, though still admiring the singing bird, becomes aware of discontent within himself. The lovely song may not have changed its tune for some other listener, but for the narrator it has in some way for he says â€Å"cease then, prithee, cease thy tune† (line 26). He even calls his muse â€Å"trifler†, or someone who takes nothing seriously by being a constant dreamer. â€Å"Wilt thou sing till June† (line 27), he asks. He previously tags the nightingale as a â€Å"harbinger of spring†. He then wonders if it will continue its singing even when summer is near. It is as if the nightingale has been given an obligation to announce spring, and when that obligation has been fulfilled there is no need to keep on going. The speaker has started to question inspiration and leans toward practicality. The speaker believes that there is too big a difference between a nightingale and a human poet; he has stopped dreaming about attempting to recreate the singing of a nightingale through human voice. â€Å"Thus we poets that have speech/ Unlike what the forests teach† (lines 30-31). To ease this discouragement, he lifts the human advantage of being able to speak. â€Å"If a fluent vein be shown/That’s transcendent to our own/ Criticize, reform, or preach/ Or censure what we cannot reach (lines 32-35). Nevertheless, he discerns what he is trying to do; he can identify the human trait of disparaging a talent or a quality that he cannot achieve for himself. â€Å"To the Nightingale† explores the dilemma of exploring a dream and aiming to reach its zenith without any thought of its limitations and consequences, and of choosing practicality and realistic aspirations. The poem achieves a light, song-like rhythm which prevents it from being completely dreary even at its despondent but sensible end.

Should School Start Later - 660 Words

As the education of Americans continues to fail in comparison to other countries, it is imperative that we don’t further weaken our school day by making school start later. This is important to take into consideration when deciding school start times, as well as many other facts. District officials nationwide have been discussing or even implementing a later start time in their schools. However, this will just cause more problems and hurt the students and everybody else concerned more than help them. Children need to learn how to manage their time and get the amount of sleep they need. We cannot keep enabling by starting school later. There are many reasons that schools shouldn’t start later, and they far outweigh the ones supporting the later time. One very important thing to consider would be the problems that would transpire if we were to have after school activities going later. If these activities were to begin later they would easily cut into suppertime. Missing o r even delaying a meal is very unhealthy for athletes or any students for that matter. In fact, in as little as four hours after eating the glucose levels of an athlete can be so small that it can cause an extremely poor performance. (http://www.humankinetics.com/excerpts/excerpts/skipping-meals-can-have-negative-consequences, Evelyn Tribole) Another problem that has been occurring amongst schools with later times is the busing schedules They have been meticulously planned for the entire district and changingShow MoreRelatedSchool Should Start Later804 Words   |  4 Pagesevery weekday, high school students are waking up around six oclock in the morning to get ready for school, some even earlier. Its not practical for high school classes to start at 7:44. Its just too early for teenage minds to function properly. Our school should start at least an hour later than that. With the extra hour, our attendance would improve, as well as our grades and attitudes. The facts are all there, so why shouldnt the hours change? For the 1997-1998 school years, the UniversityRead MoreShould School Start Later?1128 Words   |  5 PagesShould School Start Later? For years, experts have debated when the proper start time for high schools in America should be. Most high schools start at around 8:00 A.M. and some even earlier. New findings have led many experts to believe that schools should start later than 8:00, around 9:00 to 9:30. Most students would agree and appreciate the extra sleep. Starting school later would be beneficial because teenagers need to go to bed later and get up later, less sleep for students means lowerRead MoreSchool Should Start Later642 Words   |  3 Pagesmysterious formula? Sleep. In the United States of America, middle and high schools start as early as 7:00 am, requiring teenagers to rise at least at 6:30 in order to make it to class. As a nation, we can only view this as a monstrosity. In this essay, I will be going over three areas of analysis: one, why early start times for middle and high school create situations not in the interest of learning, two, why a later commencement time would have substantial benefits, and three, why said benefitsRead MoreSchool Should Start Later1670 Words   |  7 Pagessociety most teens don’t like going to school that early in the morning. To have to wake up so early when they only get about seven hours of sleep, to have students be coming into school at 7:30AM or maybe even earlier in some other schools, is not right. Students need to have time at night to get work done, not only schoolwork but also non-schoolwork. Needless to say, the school schedule for high school students needs to be changed and be made where they go in later. That way they get their work doneRead MoreWhy School Should Start Later1531 Words   |  7 PagesI realized I missed the bus! Does this happen to you? Because of early school starts I have to wake up super early which makes me super tired. School starts way too early! Should students have to wake up at unreasonably early times just to get to school on time? No, they shouldn t and school should start later because it causes many risks and problems in students lives. There are many reasons that school should start later, but the main reason is because students don t get enough sleep and areRead MoreWhy School Should Start Later899 Words   |  4 PagesSchool Should Start Later Almost every day high school students are waking up around six o’clock in the morning to get ready for school, some even earlier than that. Nearly every morning students are waking up without adequate sleep. If sleep is one of the most essential needs of the body in order to grow and develop, shouldn’t we be more aware of how much it affects students everyday performance? The ways in which students are affected by sleep-deprivation is precisely why school needs to startRead MoreShould School Day Start Later? Essay1395 Words   |  6 PagesMs. Scruggs English 3 08 December 2016 Should School Day Start Later Even though that schools are starting too early and students aren t getting enough sleep. Schools should start later because teens can get more sleep and teens can get their work on time., That schools should start later so students can learn better. because Teens are falling asleep in class because they are getting to school early. and Schools are starting too early and should start later. Students need more sleep in the morningRead MoreWhy School Should Start Later1371 Words   |  6 Pagesinclude the laziness of students, and there is no reason for school not to have a later start. So, schools should start later in the day. Reason 1: Many students are not getting enough sleep. In especially middle schools and high school, teenagers are sleep deprived. At the age when they need it the most, teens are not getting enough hours of rest because of how early their school starts. It is very unreasonable that school for teenagers starts early when they need a great amount of sleep. ResearchRead MoreWhy School Should Start Later816 Words   |  4 Pagesbiggest issues facing our high school systems. Many school’s across America have started to push back their school start times. Is it worth it? The answer is yes. School should start later in order to unlock our nation’s high school potential. One of the reasons that school should be started later is because it does not give growing teens enough time to sleep. Sleep researcher, Wendy Troxel, who spoke on TED, says that high school aged kids’ sleep cycles do no start until 11 p.m and do not end untilRead MoreWhy School Should Start Later1056 Words   |  5 Pages Later Start Times School start times should be later because school times should revolve around the student’s best ability to learn. When America started public schools, they had the same time frame, around seven to three. They did this so the farmers would have time to go and work in the afternoon. Well, needless to say we still have the same schedule now, with a much different industry and way of life. There are countless reasons schools should start later and countless studies that prove